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Modules

These are simple python files with the .py extension, which implement a set of functions/functionality. Modules are imported from other modules using the import command like import file Above will import variables/funtions/classes from file.py.

Packages

• A package is a directory that contains multiple Python modules and must include an init.py file.

• The init.py file marks the directory as a package and can also execute initialization code.

• Even though modules and packages are conceptually different (file vs directory), both are of type ‘module’ when imported in Python:

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  >>> import some_module >>> type(some_module) <type 'module'> >>> import some_package >>> type(some_package) <type 'module'>

• When we import module we get all its functions, classes and variables defined in it.

• When we import package only variables/functions/classes in the __init__.py file of that package are directly visible, not sub-packages or modules.

• The directory to be identified as package by python, should have init.py file in that directory

• Packages can have sub-packages, those directories should have init.py file in the sub-directory.